Linux Tips & Tricks

Get complete info about partitions, type and if mounted:

lsblk -f

Also useful:

blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/sda

pdfjoin , no rotate

pdfjoin --rotateoversize true

two a5 in one a4

pdfnup a5.pdf a5.pdf --nup '2x1' 

Note: pdfnup is part of texlive-extra-utils package

overlay a “draft” or other watermark…

pdftk in.pdf multistamp stamp.pdf output out.pdf

a4 to a3 or other scaling

gs -o output.pdf -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sPAPERSIZE=a4 -dFIXEDMEDIA -dPDFFitPage -dCompatibilityLevel=1.4 input.pdf

setxkbmap -model pc104 -layout us

https://wiki.debian.org/BuildingTutorial

https://blog.bofh.it/debian/id_267

http://bitree.ru/click2call4chrome_en.html

Convert VDI (or other) to raw disk:

$ VBoxManage clonehd astlinu256.vdi ast.raw –format RAW

Resize raw disk

$ qemu-img resize ast.raw 100M

Note that partition table is not altered (to be done manually)

qemu-img create filename.img 100M

qemu-system-i386 -cdrom cdrom.iso -hda disk1.img -hdb disk2.img -m 128 -boot d

See also http://nairobi-embedded.org/transfering_buildroot_fs_data_into_qemu_disk_images.html

socat PTY,link=/dev/YPort TCP:192.168.1.5:7970

• bash tricks http://cfenollosa.com/misc/tricks.txt
• vi reference http://www.unix-manuals.com/refs/vi-ref/vi-ref.htm
• Guida alla gestione dei pacchetti in Debian https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.it.html
• Keysigning https://wiki.debian.org/Keysigning and GPG https://help.ubuntu.com/community/GnuPrivacyGuardHowto

With ifconfig

ifconfig eth0 | head -n 1 | sed 's/.*HWaddr //g' | xargs

With ip

ip addr show dev eth0 | tail -n1 | sed 's/.*ether //' | sed 's/brd.*//' | xargs

/etc/udev/rules.d/xx-my-rules.rules

SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ATTRS{idVendor}=="ABCD", ATTRS{idProduct}=="1234", ATTRS{serial}=="12345678", SYMLINK+="mydevice"

To obtain serial number:

udevadm info -a -n /dev/ttyUSB1 | grep serial

Credits: http://hintshop.ludvig.co.nz/show/persistent-names-usb-serial-devices

Note : udevadm returns ALL usb hierarchy devices, thus the serial returned is not necessarily the one of the hw device! Actually many (chinese) converters do not have serial number programmed.

To set a minimum clearance for all selected objects

:MinClearGap(Selected,=10,mil)

To convert from vector image (postscript) to pcb format:

$pstoedit -xscale 0.1 -yscale 0.1 -f "pcb: -stdnames -tshiftx -0.0947 -tshifty -0.886 -grid 0.1 -mm -snapdist 0.4" file.ps file.pcb

^M = CR = d13 = '\r'
^J = LF = d10 = '\n'

ISO: # mount -o loop disk1.iso /mnt/disk

IMG: fdisk -l /path/to/image to obtain block size and start of the partition, then

# mount -o loop,offset=NNNN disk1.iso /mnt/disk

for example block size = 512, start block is 2048, so: # mount -o loop,offset=1048576 disk1.iso /mnt/disk

find . -type f -size +10000k -exec ls -lh {} \; | awk '{ print $8 ": " $5 }'

dmidecode

cat /proc/cpuinfo

Listening or connected

$ netstat -tapnu

To have a port forwarded through the ssh connection

ssh user@destinationhost -psshport -L[localip:]localport:destip:destport

sshport : the port where the ssh daemon listens
localip : localip where to bind (optional, localhost is default)
localport : local port to bind
destip : destination ip where i want to connect, seen by the destinationhost's point of view, could be localhost if same machine as destinationhost, or its local ip, or another ip in the network
destport : the destionation port where i want to connect

Sending a USR1 signal to a running `dd' process makes it print I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null& pid=$! $ kill -USR1 $pid; sleep 1; kill $pid

You can add “watch” to this one:

1) find $pid for you dd process: $ps aux|grep dd

2) show progress, by running: $watch kill -USR1 $pid

Someone suggested to give a look to http://www.ivarch.com/programs/pv.shtml

classical backup rule

rsync –delete –perms –numeric-ids -aruv –bwlimit=100 –protect-args [SOURCE] [DEST]

–exclude ' ' to exclude some file

–password-file=FILE the password should be wrote in a plain text file 'FILE'

-u, –update skip files that are newer on the receiver

-C, –cvs-exclude auto-ignore files in the same way CVS does

Simply copy the fonts in the ~/.fonts folder (of the X11 user), create it if doesn't exist.

How to convert Matrioska Video (mkv) to standard mpeg containter (avi)

avconv -i file.mkv -b:video 4000k file.avi